rote      
noun [ U ]  usually disapproving uk/rəʊt/ us/roʊt/
rote learning 死记硬背
learning something in order to be able to repeat it from memory, rather than in order to understand it
  We are concerned that questions like these appear to require only rote learning rather than a deeper understanding of the subject.
 Eventually they abandoned their old system of rote learning.
 The emphasis in most schools is still on rote learning.
 Many students' introduction to multiplication involves rote learning of multiplication tables and little else.
 This government has reduced education to little more than rote learning.
 Idiom   
learn something by roteidiom  usually disapproving 死记硬背地学
to learn something in order to be able to repeat it from memory, rather than in order to understand it
  She learned the equations by rote. 她靠死记硬背记住了这些公式。